Information concerning the Informants:
- 60+
- Basic education
0% - 24%
25% - 49%
50% - 74%
75% - 100%
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Audio icon 9. γιαρντούμ.mp3

ʝardúm comes from the Turkish yardım (Tastani 1998˙ Papanis & Papanis 2004˙ Ralli 2017). In some areas it appears as ʝardím.

E.g. θéʎs kanéna ʝardúm ja ti ðʎá s?
θélis kanéna ʝardúm ja ti ðuʎá su?
‘Do you want any help for your work?’

Dialectal phenomena and words

Morphology

  1. Definite article ʝi
  2. Absence of definite article
  3. Derivational noun suffixes
    1. -aða
    2. -ia
  4. Diminution
    1. -ur(i)
    2. -uð(i)
    3. -ar(i)
    4. -i
  5. Prefixoid plaku-
  6. Eteroclisis of nouns
  7. Imperative in the imperfective aspect
  8. Imperative in the perfective aspect
  9. ΙC2 verbs
  10. Past Tense in -k-
  11. Verbal ending -asi
  12. Verbal endings with /u/
  13. Αugment i-
  14. -i- in the plural endings of the present tense
  15. Imperfect tense
    1. -omna
    2. -omdan
    3. -omdun
    4. -umdan
    5. -umdun
    6. -um
    7. -umna
  16. Pronouns
    1. atós-i-m/t/ts ‘on my/his/her/its own’
    2. éftus ‘this/that one’
    3. éftnus ‘this/that one’
    4. étsus ‘that one’
    5. tsos ‘that one’
    6. tsónus ‘that one’
    7. (i)tsínunas ‘that one’
    8. éʝtutus ‘this one here’
    9. éʝtsinus ‘that one there’
    10. éʝusus ‘as much as’
    11. éʝtusus ‘so much’
    12. éʝtitʝus ‘such as this’

Phonology

  1. Semi-vowel deletion
  2. Change of /t/ to /c/
  3. Tsitacism
  4. Influence of Turkish phonology
  5. /i/ epenthesis
  6. Unstressed secondary /i/ deletion

Morphophonology

  1. Weak possessive pronoun
  2. Αssimilation in the noun - weak possessive pronoun cluster

Morphosyntax

  1. Enclisis
  2. Combination of particle and interrogative pronoun
  3. Combination of preposition and personal pronoun
  4. tída ‘what’
  5. mi modality marker
  6. ðaná ‘now’

Vocabulary

  1. Phrases
    1. daʝánámadi ‘enough’
    2. mustaxác ‘you deserve it’
    3. súcur ‘fortunately’
    4. isté vuilé ‘so and so’
    5. z-duɲadé ‘in the world’
    6. surusúʝla ‘all together’
  2. Verbs
    1. ktsízu ‘to sprinkle, season’
    2. zmarízu ‘to point, target’
    3. luʝázu ‘to look, estimate’
    4. apadéxu ‘to wait’
    5. apikázu ‘to understand’
    6. sɲikázu ‘to satisfy the hunger’
    7. laló ‘to speak, to leave, to kick out’
    8. áɣumi ‘to exist, to move’
    9. θarmízu ‘to give the evil eye’
    10. ðʝanutó ‘advise’
  3. Nouns
    1. batóʎa ‘group of people’
    2. ʝaɣnís ‘mistake’
    3. xaraɲí ‘pot’
    4. víka ‘water jug’
    5. ikádu ‘auction’
    6. takát ‘courage’
    7. ʝiʝín ‘pile’
    8. ʝardúm ‘help’
    9. dirlík ‘calmness’
    10. nem ‘humidity’
    11. ʝarás ‘wound’
    12. minét ‘request’
    13. riɣálu ‘gift, tip’
    14. usúʎ ‘manner’
    15. ðʝuʎí ‘violin’
  4. Discourse markers
    1. iðé ‘otherwise’
    2. péta ‘besides’
    3. tapé ‘after, then’
    4. maθé ‘as a matter of fact’
    5. salamét ‘at last’
    6. timilí ‘lest’
  5. Adverbs
    1. ksóras ‘late’
    2. rast ‘well’
    3. ʝámʝasi ‘messy’
    4. dárdaɣaɲ ‘messy’
    5. amónti ‘in vain’
    6. taxtér ‘early in the morning’
    7. sáncim ‘supposedly, ostensibly, as if’
    8. éʝtuti ‘in the past, then’
    9. éʝtsi ‘there’
    10. éʝtsi ‘in this way’
    11. sáðuna ‘(toward) here’
    12. sáðʝu ‘(toward) here’
    13. sáfna ‘(toward) there’
    14. sáftu ‘there’
    15. sací ‘there’
    16. óspiti ‘until’
    17. pátsi ‘maybe’
    18. éðafna ‘there’
    19. éðaftu ‘there’
    20. éðʝits‘like that’
    21. ótliʝa ‘no matter, in any way’
    22. tótisu ‘then’
    23. mo ‘only’
    24. pʎa ‘anymore’
    25. pʎo ‘anymore’
 

Study areas

  1. Afalonas
  2. Agia Marina
  3. Agia Paraskevi
  4. Agiasos
  5. Agra
  6. Akrasi
  7. Alifada
  8. Ampeliko
  9. Anemotia
  10. Antisa
  11. Argenos
  12. Arisvi
  13. Asomatos
  14. Chidira
  15. Dafia
  16. Drota
  17. Eresos
  18. Filia
  19. Ipios
  20. Ipsilometopo
  21. Kagiani
  22. Kaloni
  23. Kapi
  24. Kato Tritos
  25. Kerami
  26. Keramia
  27. Klio
  28. Komi
  29. Kunturidia
  30. Lafiona
  31. Lampu Mili
  32. Lepetimnos
  33. Lisvori
  34. Lutra
  35. Mantamados
  36. Megalochori
  37. Mesagros
  38. Mesotopos
  39. Michos
  40. Mistegna
  41. Molivos
  42. Moria
  43. Napi
  44. Nees Kidonies
  45. Neochori
  46. Paleochori
  47. Paleokipos
  48. Pamfila
  49. Panagiuda
  50. Papados
  51. Parakila
  52. Pelopi
  53. Perama
  54. Petra
  55. Petri
  56. Pigi
  57. Plagia
  58. Plakados
  59. Pligoni
  60. Plomari
  61. Polichnitos
  62. Pterunta
  63. Sigri
  64. Sikamia
  65. Sikunta
  66. Skala Lutron
  67. Skala Sikamias
  68. Skalochori
  69. Skopelos
  70. Skutaros
  71. Stipsi
  72. Thermi
  73. Trigonas
  74. Vafio
  75. Varia
  76. Vasilika
  77. Vatera
  78. Vatusa
  79. Vrisa